DWH Data sources and integrations

Data sources

The DWH data is sent through the Data Warehouse API (Dwapi) and the data originates from the disparate EMRs that are in the Ministry of Health (MoH) facilities. To date the DWH has these data sources:

• EMRs

1. KenyaEMR: This is an Electronic Medical Record system (EMR) that was designed and developed by I-Tech in 2012 that supports the care and treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is built on the OpenMRS platform. The database is designed in MySQL which is an open-source relational database management system. It is one of the largest open source EMRs in Africa. Currently KeHMIS supports the implementation of KenyaEMR ffor all health facilities in Kenya.
2. IQCare KeHMIS: An Electronic Medical Record system (EMR) initially designed by Palladium to support HIV/AIDS for the Ministry of Health. It is an open source software which has browser-based data entry application and Windows based form configuration, it’s database is designed in Microsoft SQL. The robust scalable architecture makes it easy to easily deploy and extend the services of IQCare to suit different program needs in a health care setting.
3. IQCare SI: An Electronic Medical Record system (EMR) initially designed by Palladium to support HIV/AIDS for faith based organizations unique needs.  It is an open source software which has browser-based data entry application and Windows based form configuration, it’s database is designed in Microsoft SQL. . The robust scalable architecture makes it easy to easily deploy and extend the services of IQCare to suit different program needs in a health care setting.
4. Ecare: This is an Electronic Medical Record system (EMR) that was designed and developed by Eastern Deanery AIDS Relief Program (EDARP) from 2004 that supports HIV Testing and Care and Treatment of HIV/AIDS. Currently the Ecare system supports the implementation in over 14 health facilities within Nairobi Eastland’s section, with over 40,000 active clients across different program areas. Ecare is a centralized system connecting all 14 facilities together, fully point of care system (100% paperless) and it is built on the Hypertext Preprocessor/PHP platform (front end), Java Scripts (triggers and alerts), MSSQL Server Database (backend) and Android platform (mobile application).
5. Faces OpenMRS: The FACES program uses Faces OpenMRS and KenyaEMR as their base EMR systems (both built on the OpenMRS platforms) for collecting and reporting on HTS and HIV Care and Treatment data across their supported sites in Kisumu County, Kenya.
   OpenMRS is an Open Source Java-based, web-based EMR that has been customized internally by FACES developers to collect HIV Care and Treatment data from standard Kenya MOH tools, both real time and retrospectively.
6. Ampath AMRS: AMPATH started using the AMPATH Medical Record System (AMRS) in 2006 as its sole medical record. AMRS is an implementation of OpenMRS, an open source EMR currently being widely deployed in Eastern and Southern Africa. AMPATH clinics utilize AMRS to collect and manage patient level data for clinical care, program reporting, and research purpose. Paper-based initial and follow-up forms (adult and pediatric) are completed by the clinician during a clinic visit.

• Non EMR Data Sources

1. Kenya Master Health Facility List (KMHFL) is an application with all health facilities and community units in Kenya. Each health facility and community unit is identified with unique code and their details describing the geographical location, administrative location, ownership, type and the services offered. This data source is critical in providing the hierarchical and boundaries information for the country.
2. DHIS is an open source software platform for reporting, analysis, and dissemination of data for all health programs, developed by the Health Information Systems Programme. The DHIS contains aggregate data from the various standard reports that are required by MoH each month. This data source provides aggregate data that is used to triangulate data with other data sources. For example, the DWH uses data from DHIS for the data alignment dashboards and PLHIV EMR coverage

Data integrations

The integrations that are currently in DWH are with the following systems

1. Kenya Master Health Facility– Each health facility and community unit are identified with unique code and their details describing the geographical location, administrative location, ownership, type and the services offered. This data source is critical in providing the hierarchical and boundaries information for the country. In all the DWH visuals the data is represented in the various geographical and administrative boundaries, County, Sub-County and Ward.
2. DHIS– This data source provides aggregate data that is used to triangulate data with other data sources. For example, the DWH uses aggregate data from DHIS for data alignment dashboards. Indicators such as Current on ART are compared with the same indicators from the EMR to determine concordance. With DHIS data we can calculate percentage of PLHIV EMR coverage which provides information on EMR scale up.

• HIS Implementation – The Agency provides the data that contains facilities supported by the various service delivery partners and this data source is critical in forming denominators for reporting rates into the DWH.